what is cognitive science

What Is Cognitive Science

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Lepore / Pylyshyn / Lepore, Ernest, PUBLISHER: Wiley-Blackwell, Written by an assembly of leading researchers in the field, this volume provides an innovative and non-technical introduction to cognitive science, and the key issues that animate the field. Acquista Ora

Rationality and Logic

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Hanna, Robert, PUBLISHER: MIT Press (MA), In "Rationality and Logic," Robert Hanna argues that logic is intrinsically psychological and that human psychology is intrinsically logical. He claims that logic is cognitively constructed by rational animals (including humans) and that rational animals are essentially logical animals. In order to do so, he defends the broadly Kantian thesis that all (and only) rational animals possess an innate cognitive "logic faculty." Hanna's claims challenge the conventional philosophical wisdom that sees logic as a fully formal or "topic-neutral" science irreconcilably separate from the species- or individual-specific focus of empirical psychology. Logic and psychology went their separate ways after attacks by Frege and Husserl on logical psychologism--the explanatory reduction of logic to empirical psychology. Hanna argues, however, that--despite the fact that logical psychologism is false--there is an essential link between logic and psychology. Rational human animals constitute the basic class of cognizers or thinkers studied by cognitive psychology; given the connection between rationality and logic that Hanna claims, it follows that the nature of logic is significantly revealed to us by cognitive psychology. Hanna's proposed "logical cognitivism" has two important consequences: the recognition by logically oriented philosophers that psychologists are their colleagues in the metadiscipline of cognitive science; and radical changes in cognitive science itself. Cognitive science, Hanna argues, is not at bottom a natural science; it is both an objective or truth-oriented science and a normative human science, as is logic itself.

The Evolution Wars: A Guide to the Debates

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Ruse, Michael / Wilson, Edward Osborne, PUBLISHER: ABC-CLIO, A thought-provoking series that chronicles the discussions, disputes, and debates that have divided scientists and advanced science through the ages. The origins of humanity? The causes of homosexuality? Experimentation on humans and animals? In both theory and practice, science is riven by controversy. Always has been, always will be. Controversies in Science reveals the history of humanity's disputatious pursuit of truth-the passions, the polemics, and the partisanship. ABC-CLIO's Controversies in Science series examines some of the greatest debates in the history of science's quest for truth. Edited by top scientists, philosophers, and historians, the titles explore fields as diverse as cosmology, genetics, evolution, psychiatry, and the fascinating and speculative study of extraterrestrial biology. Who are we? Where do we come from? And what limits should we place on the pursuit of answers to these questions? The truth is out there. But what routes have we taken? What routes should we take? Controversies in Science offers a road map.

In Search of Madness: Schizophrenia and Neuroscience

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Heinrichs, R. Walter / Heinsichs, R. Walter, PUBLISHER: Oxford University Press, USA, Over the last two decades, scientific articles on schizophrenia have doubled in number, and prophecies of breakthrough have appeared and receded. The result is a scattered and confusing mass of evidence that is difficult to evaluate. How much progress has really been made? Are the neurological causes of madness truly in sight? This book evaluates the progress of schizophrenia science by summarizing what is known about how patients with the illness differ from healthy people. The tools of meta-analysis are first explained and then employed to make the strength and consistency of these differences explicit. Beginning with the study of symptoms, then moving through the search for objective disease markers, findings on the cognitive functions, structure, physiology, chemistry, and development of the brain, this book is a journey into the enigma of madness and its science. What emerges is an illness that reveals itself most strongly in thought processes, not biology. As evidence actually becomes weaker and harder to reproduce as research moves from mind to molecule, the harvest of dazzling research techniques turns out to be modest or inconsistent. Schizophrenia is an anomaly at the frontier of mind and brain, but In Search of Madness points the way to its solution.

What is True Progress

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Bhagat Singh Thind, PUBLISHER: Dr Bhagat Singh Thind Spiritual Science Foundation, NA

Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Smith, William Fortune, PUBLISHER: McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math, This text, an expanded and rearranged version of Principles of Materials Science and Engineering, 2/e, is appropriate for a first course in materials science and engineering for engineering students.

Integrated Science

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Tillery, Bill W. / Enger, Eldon / Ross, Frederick C., PUBLISHER: McGraw-Hill, Integrated Science is a straight forward, easy-to-read, but substantial introduction to the fundamental behavior of matter and energy in living and nonliving systems. It is intended to serve the needs of non-science majors who are required to complete one or more science courses as part of a general or basic studies requirement. It introduces basic concepts and key ideas while providing opportunities for students to learn reasoning skills and a new way of thinking about their environment. No prior work in science is assumed. The language, as well as the mathematics, is as simple as can be practical for a college-level science course. Acquista Ora

Human Body II

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Levy, Michael / Rafferty, John / Hosch, William L., PUBLISHER: Encyclopaedia Britannica, The Human Body II, is one book in the Britannica Illustrated Science Library Series that is correlated to the science curriculum in grades 5-8. The Britannica Illustrated Science Library is a visually compelling series that covers earth science, life science, and physical science in 16 titles. Created for ages 10 and up, each title provides an overview on a subject and thoroughly explains it through detailed and powerful graphics-more than per volume-that turn complex subjects into information that students can grasp. Each title contains a glossary with full definitions for vocabulary help and an index.

Science Explorer C Book a Student Edition Bacteria to

ISBN: , SKU: , PUBLISHER: Prentice Hall, Prentice Hall Science Explorer, the nation's leading middle school science program, is the perfect fit for today's classroom. Lead author Michael Padilla weaves together content with hands-on science inquiry that's sure to reach every student.

Fundamentals of Cognitive Psychology

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Kellogg, Ronald T., PUBLISHER: Sage Publications (CA), Integrating the latest developments in cognitive neuroscience, neuroimaging, emotion and cognitive development, author Ronald T. Kellogg provides a clear view of what is happening at the cutting edge of the field today. Written in an accessible style, the book explores applications of cognitive psychology underscoring the practical side of the field. New to the Second Edition: - Updated with the latest research in cognitive psychology including the recent discovery of how the default network of the brain integrates findings on remembering one's personal past, envisioning the future, seeing the world from the perspective of another person - Recent advances in networks of attention, prospective memory, emotion and cognition, creativity in problem solving, moral reasoning, fluid intelligence and working memory, and frugal heuristics in decision making. - More extensive coverage of applications of cognitive psychology to everyday life such as research on the risks of driving while talking on a cell phone and recent findings on memory retrieval and how to improve study skills

Written in Stone

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: OLYNYK, MARK, PUBLISHER: FriesenPress, Written in Stone is a history of poetry; spanning thirty-five years. A collection of poems about reality and the human condition. What is and what seems to be. Truth and the transience of life. The meaning of death. Myth as a state of mind. Decoding dreams and visions. The writing process. Our relationship with Nature. Super science and the reign of the machine. These are the themes of this book.

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Software Metrics

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Sayward, Frederick / Shaw, Mary / Perlis, Alan J., PUBLISHER: MIT Press (MA), Software metrics is a new area of computer science designed to enable programmers and other practitioners to assign quantitative indexes of merit to software. In this volume, "software" is defined broadly as a generic for all the stages of tailoring a computer system to solve a problem. "Software Metrics" is the first book to survey this new area, measuring its present extent, describing its characteristic features, and indicating directions of potential expansion. The aim of the articles included in the book is to provide precise, quantified answers to such questions as: What are the memory requirements of the software? The speed requirements? What is the cost of production? The likely time schedule of production? When will it have to be replaced? What manpower loading should be used? how close to its limits is the system expected to run? What levels of satisfactory testing are sufficient? How well does the testing environment approximate the execution environment? What is the enhancement cost? To what extent has the problem--of the technology--moved beyond the program? Would it cost less to rebuild the system than to maintain and enhance it? "In software, evolutionary complexity is probably more important than the classical time and space measures with which computer science has been concerned so far," the editors note in their introductory overview. This overview gauges the range of the book's fifteen contributions by the major developers of software metrics.

Human Genetics: Concepts and Applications

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Lewis, Ricki, PUBLISHER: McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math, "Human Genetics," 5/e is a non-science majors human genetics text that clearly explains what genes are, how they function, how they interact with the environment, and how our understanding of genetics has changed since completion of the human genome project. It is a clear, modern, and exciting book for citizens who will be responsible for evaluating new medical options, new foods, and new technologies in the age of genomics.

Scientific Knowledge: Discovery of Nature or Mental

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Settanni, Harry, PUBLISHER: University Press of America, This book defends the constructivist view of science, namely, the view that scientific theories are mental constructions in the mind of the scientist, rather than the realist view that scientific theories are accounts of what nature itself is like. To prove this point, evolution theory is contrasted with "creation science" as two paradigms or extremely divergent theories, each of which, as a mental construct, explains the data or facts of the natural world equally well. Contents: Realism vs. Constructivism; Meaning and Reference in the Natural Sciences; The Role of Paradigm in the Creationism Controversy; Science As Mental Construction.

Science: 100 Scientists Who Changed the World

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Balchin, Jon, PUBLISHER: Enchanted Lion Books, To be alive today is to be confronted by the products of science--from aspirin, refrigeration, electric light and the telephone, to the airplane and the computer--to name just a few. In addition to beneficial medicines and life enhancing discoveries, however, scientific research also has led to many dangerous developments, such as the machine gun and the atom bomb. "Science "explores all of these, telling the story of how observation and testing have changed daily life over the past years, along with how we understand the world, the cosmos, the body, and the mind. What is most fascinating for students first learning about scientific discovery, and what this book highlights so beautifully through presenting individual scientists, is the way in which simple observation--such as watching the weather, or an object fall--leads to a discovery that radically alters life in the world and our comprehension of how the natural world works. An engaging and clearly explained book, full of pertinent quotations and anecdotes, "Science "tells a compelling story, inviting its readers to pursue its subject further.

Close Encounters?

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Lamdourne, R. J. A. / Lambourne, Robert / Lambourne, R. J., PUBLISHER: Taylor & Francis Group, Currently, science fiction in all its forms is enjoying enormous popular interest. There can be no doubt that science fiction books and films have great influence on the public view of science and scientists. Close Encounters? examines the historical development of science fiction as a genre in books and films, tracing its roots, examining its most common ideas, exploring its relationship to real science, and attempting to assess its cultural impact. Discussion focuses on major themes such as time travel, politics, religion, ecology, and disasters. The authors consider the science in science fiction, the images of scientists that science fiction conveys, and some of the political, religious, and social motifs prominent in science fiction. They also discuss pseudo-science and its growing influence on the public perception of science. This fascinating, thought-provoking study should be read by all those interested in how the nature of science and its role in our society is portrayed in science fiction.

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The Kingfisher Science Encyclopedia

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Headlam, Catherine, PUBLISHER: Larousse Kingfisher Chambers, From astronomy to zoology, this is the complete, illustrated guide to science for children.

Strong Faith

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Spurgeon, Charles Haddon, PUBLISHER: Whitaker House, Faith is the simplest thing in the world. Yet, it is widely misunderstood. From where does it come? What does faith include? What does it exclude? What are the results of faith? You can find the answers here.

First Verbs: A Case Study of Early Grammatical Development

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Tomasello, Michael, PUBLISHER: Cambridge University Press, First Verbs is a detailed diary study of one child's earliest language development during her second year of life. Using a Cognitive Linguistics framework, the author focuses on how his daughter acquired her first verbs, and the role verbs played in her early grammatical development. The author argues that many of a child's first grammatical structures are tied to individual verbs, and that earliest language is based on general cognitive and social-cognitive processes, especially event structures and cultural learning.

The Ethics of Autism: Among Them, But Not of Them

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Barnbaum, Deborah R., PUBLISHER: Indiana University Press, Autism is one of the most compelling, controversial, and heartbreaking cognitive disorders. It presents unique philosophical challenges as well, raising intriguing questions in philosophy of mind, cognitive science, and philosophy of language that need to be explored if the autistic population is to be responsibly served. Starting from the "theory of mind" thesis that a fundamental deficit in autism is the inability to recognize that other persons have minds, Deborah R. Barnbaum considers its implications for the nature of consciousness, our understanding of the consciousness of others, meaning theories in philosophy of language, and the modality of mind. This discussion lays the groundwork for consideration of the value of an autistic life, as well as the moral theories available to persons with autism. The book also explores questions about genetic decision making, research into the nature of autism, and the controversial quest for a cure. This is a timely and wide-ranging book on a disorder that commends itself to serious ethical examination.

Teaching Science to Children: An Inquiry Approach

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Friedl, Alfred E. / Koontz, Tricia / Koontz, Trish, PUBLISHER: McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Langua, This is a comprehensive, easy-to-use text containing more than 300 science teaching activities, 30 of which are new to this edition. The book's focus on the inquiry approach places value on the student's thinking and doing science, and ties the text to the inquiry-oriented National Science Education Standards for science teaching issued by the National Research Council. Each of the inquiry activities contains combined discussions of methods and content. The text helps students overcome science anxiety and shows them how easy it is to teach science using a simple, consistent three-step approach to each of the science activities (set induction, investigation, and resolution). All activities use simple, easy-to-find materials. Over 250 pieces of line art clearly illustrate the teaching activities.

Eating Disorders: The Path to Recovery

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Middleton, Kate, PUBLISHER: Lion Publishing Plc, What is an eating disorder? What are the symptoms? What causes them? And is full recovery possible? Written primarily for young adults, this insightful handbook is designed to push those suffering from eating disorders towards recovery. Information is provided on every aspect of eating disorders, including what they are, how they operate, who is prone to have them, and how they can be treated. Worksheets and positive case studies designed to be motivational complete this informative guide that is perfect for those with a disorder, as well as their family and friends.

Einstein's Jewish Science: Physics at the Intersection of

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Gimbel, Steven, PUBLISHER: Johns Hopkins University Press, Is relativity Jewish? The Nazis denigrated Albert Einstein's revolutionary theory by calling it "Jewish science," a charge typical of the ideological excesses of Hitler and his followers. Philosopher of science Steven Gimbel explores the many meanings of this provocative phrase and considers whether there is any sense in which Einstein's theory of relativity is Jewish. Arguing that we must take seriously the possibility that the Nazis were in some sense correct, Gimbel examines Einstein and his work to explore how beliefs, background, and environment may--or may not--influence the work of the scientist. You cannot understand Einstein's science, Gimbel declares, without knowing the history, religion, and philosophy that influenced it. No one, especially Einstein himself, denies Einstein's Jewish heritage, but many are uncomfortable saying that he was a Jew while he was at his desk working. To understand what "Jewish" means for Einstein's work, Gimbel first explores the many definitions of "Jewish" and asks whether there are elements of Talmudic thinking apparent in Einstein's theory of relativity. He applies this line of inquiry to other scientists, including Isaac Newton, Ren? Descartes, Sigmund Freud, and ?mile Durkheim, to consider whether and how their specific religious beliefs or backgrounds manifested in their scientific endeavors. "Einstein's Jewish Science" intertwines science, history, philosophy, theology, and politics in fresh and fascinating ways to solve the multifaceted riddle of what religion means--and what it means to science. There are some senses, Gimbel claims, in which Jews can find a special connection to "E = mc2," and this claim leads to the engaging, spirited debate at the heart of this book. Acquista Ora

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