mechanisms of surface and microstructure evolution in

Mechanisms of Surface and Microstructure Evolution in

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Sanchez Jr, John / Amar, J. G. / Gilmer, G. H., PUBLISHER: Materials Research Society, A wide variety of materials systems and deposition strategies have been developed to produce epitaxial and polycrystalline thin films. In particular, controlling the morphology and microstructure of metal films at the nanometer and/or micron scale has become crucial for applications such as giant magneto-resistive devices, contacts and diffusion barriers in integrated circuits and photovoltaics, and multilayer X-ray mirrors. This volume focuses on the interactions between different mechanisms of microstructure evolution and film-growth conditions. Two sections of the volume, including a joint effort with Symposium R, "Morphology and Dynamics of Crystal Surfaces in Molecular and Colloid Systems, highlight the fundamental mechanisms of epitaxial growth.

Ingenious Mechanisms Vol I

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Jones, Franklin Day, PUBLISHER: Industrial Press, The descriptions and illustratios are confined to the important and fundamental elements, so that time is not wasted reading a lot of useless or irrelevant detail. Readers are told plainly and briefly what each mechanism consists of, how it operates, and the features which make it of special interest. The particular mechanisms have been selected because they have stood the test of actual practice. Among the mechanisms described and illustrated by working diagrams are: cam applications and special cam designs; intermittent motions from gears and cams; interlocking devices; valve diagrams; reversing mechanisms of special design; tripping or stop mechanisms; drives of crank type for reciprocating driven members; feeding mechanisms and auxiliary devices; feeding and ejecting mechanisms; and many, many more.

Atomistic Mechanisms in Beam Synthesis and Irradiation:

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Barbour, John Charles / Roorda, S. / Ila, D., PUBLISHER: Materials Research Society, This volume focuses on understanding the atomistic processes that occur in metals, ceramics (including glasses) and polymers that are exposed to energetic beams for the purpose of synthesizing or modifying a material. In particular, emphasis is given to atomistic approaches for modeling and understanding experimental results. The science presented falls into four categories: (1) surface and thin-film microstructures driven by ion-beam processing, including mechanisms for driving preferential orientation in single-crystal and polycrystalline formations; (2) comparisons and contrasts in the mechanisms involved with high energy, ion-beam radiation and high-fluence-rate effects; (3) identification of mechanisms in beam-assisted synthesis of materials; and (4) atomistic modeling to describe improved mechanical and optical properties of coatings and layers treated with ion beams.

Concerted Organic and Bio-Organic Mechanisms

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Williams, Andrew, PUBLISHER: CRC Press, The concept of concerted mechanisms was formulated nearly 90 years ago and virtually all general organic chemistry texts mention it. Until now, however, no monograph has addressed the concept explicitly. Over the last two decades, substantial advancements made in the development of precise methods for elucidating concerted mechanisms have heightened the need for a comprehensive text on the subject. Concerted Organic and Bio-organic Mechanisms gathers the salient materials related to this emerging field into a single text. It sets forth the precise definition of concertedness-along with working sub-definitions-and describes rigorous experimental tools chemists can use to diagnose the existence or absence of concerted mechanisms. Advances in our understanding of concerted mechanisms lead to further questions. Concerted Organic and Bio-organic Mechanisms provides the background and the tools researchers need to consider these important questions and further advance the frontiers of reactions, synthesis, and catalysis.

The Design of Animal Communication

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Hauser, Marc D. / Konishi, Mark, PUBLISHER: MIT Press (MA), When animals, including humans, communicate, they convey information and express their perceptions of the world. Because different organisms are able to produce and perceive different signals, the animal world contains a diversity of communication systems. Based on the approach laid out in the s by Nobel laureate Nikolaas Tinbergen, this book looks at animal communication from the four perspectives of mechanisms, ontogeny, function, and phylogeny. The book's great strength is its broad comparative perspective, which enables the reader to appreciate the diversity of solutions to particular problems of signal design and perception. For example, although the neural circuitry underlying the production of acoustic signals is different in frogs, songbirds, bats, and humans, each involves a set of dedicated pathways designed to solve particular problems of communicative efficiency. Such comparative findings form the basis of a conceptual framework for understanding the mechanisms underlying communication systems and their evolution.

Homo Angelicansis: Spiritual Anthropology and the Evolution

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Botha, Izak J., PUBLISHER: Botha, "Homo Angelicansis" discusses a new species that has evolved beyond primates and Homo sapiens and into a spiritual realm. The historical contributions of philosophers, Christian church fathers, heretics, occultists, biologists, physicists, and archaeologists are examined and synthesized. With the help of cosmology and evolution, the author guides the reader on a startlingly original theory of where evolution has led mankind and what lies ahead.

Memory and Context for Language Interpretation

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Alshawi, Hiyan / Boguraev, Branimir / Bird, Steven, PUBLISHER: Cambridge University Press, This book presents computational mechanisms for solving common language interpretation problems including many cases of reference resolution, word sense disambiguation, and the interpretation of relationships implicit in modifiers. The proposed memory and context mechanisms provide the means for representing and applying information about the semantic relationships between entities imposed by the cultural context. The effects of different 'context factors', derived from multiple sources, are combined for disambiguation and for limiting memory search; the factors having been created and manipulated gradually during discourse processing.

Bacterial Responses to PH - No. 221

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Chadwick, Derek / Cardew, Gail / Gardew, Gail, PUBLISHER: John Wiley & Sons, Microbial responses to acidic and alkaline pH are important in many areas of bacteriology. For example, the mechanisms of resistance to acidic pH are important in the understanding of the passage of human pathogens through the acid of the stomach; and an understanding of microbial degradation of alkaline industrial waste is important for the environment. Bringing together contributions from an international and interdisciplinary group of experts working on the many aspects of bacterial cellular responses to pH, this stimulating volume draws together new and innovative work in this area. It delineates both similarities and differences between mechanisms of tolerance and response, providing readers with an invaluable resource on the subject.

Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Meister, Alton, PUBLISHER: Wiley-Interscience, "Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology" is a seminal series in the field of biochemistry, offering researchers access to authoritative reviews of the latest discoveries in all areas of enzymology and molecular biology. These landmark volumes date back to , providing an unrivaled view of the historical development of enzymology. The series offers researchers the latest understanding of enzymes, their mechanisms, reactions and evolution, roles in complex biological process, and their application in both the laboratory and industry. Each volume in the series features contributions by leading pioneers and investigators in the field from around the world. All articles are carefully edited to ensure thoroughness, quality, and readability. With its wide range of topics and long historical pedigree, "Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology" can be used not only by students and researchers in molecular biology, biochemistry, and enzymology, but also by any scientist interested in the discovery of an enzyme, its properties, and its applications.

Molecular and Genetic Aspects of Nitrate Assimilation

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Wray, John L. / Kinghorn, James R., PUBLISHER: Oxford University Press, USA, There is considerable interest in the mechanisms of nitrate regulation from both agriculture and industry because effective nitrate metabolism is vital for healthy plant growth. This book addresses aspects of both fungal and higher plant metabolism. It examines the genetics and molecular biology of nitrate uptake, reduction, and regulation, and identifies future research priorities.

The Cambridge Dictionary of Human Biology and Evolution

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Mai, Larry L. / Young Owl, Marcus / Kersting, M. Patricia, PUBLISHER: Cambridge University Press, Packed with descriptions of terms, specimens, sites and names, this invaluable research and study tool covers a broad range of subjects including human biology, physical anthropology, primatology, physiology, genetics, paleontology and zoology. The volume also includes over word roots, taxonomies and reference tables for extinct, recent and extant primates, and illustrations of landmarks, bones and muscles. It is essential for students, researchers, and anyone with an interest in human biology or evolution.

Fundamental Principles of Engineering Nanometrology

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Leach, Richard K., PUBLISHER: William Andrew Publishing, "Fundamental Principles of Engineering Nanometrology" provides a comprehensive overview of engineering metrology and how it relates to micro and nanotechnology (MNT) research and manufacturing. By combining established knowledge with the latest advances from the field, it presents a comprehensive single volume that can be used for professional reference and academic study. Provides a basic introduction to measurement and instruments Thoroughly presents numerous measurement techniques, from static length and displacement to surface topography, mass and force Covers multiple optical surface measuring instruments and related topics (interferometry, triangulation, confocal, variable focus, and scattering instruments) Explains, in depth, the calibration of surface topography measuring instruments (traceability; calibration of profile and areal surface texture measuring instruments; uncertainties) Discusses the material in a way that is comprehensible to even those with only a limited mathematical knowledge

Negative Co-Receptors and Ligands

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Ahmed, Rafi / Honjo, Tasuku, PUBLISHER: Springer, Adaptive immune responses serve as a key defense mechanism for the control of infections in vertebrates. Immune responses must be of sufficient strength to contain invading pathogens, antigen specific responses require regulatory mechanisms to ensure termination or downmodulation to avoid excessive damage to the host tissue. For both branches of the adaptive immune system, regulatory molecules i.e. coreceptors and ligands have been identified that control the signaling cascades initiated by engagement of the T cell and B cell antigen receptors. This book describes biological functions as well as molecular mechanisms of these molecules.

Molecular Variability of Fungal Pathogens

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Bridge, Paul Dennis / Clarkson, John / Couteaudier, Yvonne, PUBLISHER: CABI Publishing, This volume collects important current research on molecular variability in fungal pathogens. The first section reviews the major mechanisms involved. This is followed by a series of specific studies on variability in populations of different fungal pathogens. The book concludes with chapters on methods for interpreting such variability. The volume brings together research on a wide range of fungal pathogens, and case studies include pathogens of insects, nematodes, plants, and humans. Combining mechanisms, characterization, and interpretation across a wide range of applied mycology, this volume is a significant general text for those working on molecular characterization. Its broad spectrum of topics provides a multidisciplinary reference source within mycology, and the book will be suitable for postgraduate students and research scientists in applied mycology, including plant pathology, medical mycology and biological control.

Origins of the Modern Mind: Three Stages in the Evolution of

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Donald, Merlin, PUBLISHER: Harvard University Press, This bold and brilliant book asks the ultimate question of the life sciences: How did the human mind acquire its incomparable power? In seeking the answer, Merlin Donald traces the evolution of human culture and cognition from primitive apes to artificial intelligence, presenting an enterprising and original theory of how the human mind evolved from its presymbolic form.

Dinosaur

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Kurtti, Jeff, PUBLISHER: Disney Editions, Dinosaur: The Evolution of an Animated Feature examines in depth the development of this technological tour-de-force. Readers will witness how technological advances and old-fashioned storytelling collided to create this exciting new animated feature. Dazzlingly illustrated throughout in color and black and white, Dinosaur: The Evolution of an Animated Feature is a splendid gift for animation enthusiasts and film buffs, and for anyone who experiences the myriad joys of Dinosaur. This essential keepsake captures the remarkable warmth, dramatic story, and heartfelt humor of this one-of-a-kind movie -- as well as the behind-the-scenes story of the talented artists, ingenious technicians, and fascinating techniques and technology that went into the making of this eagerly awaited animated feature.

Antibody Production

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Glyn, Leonard Eleazar / Glynn, L. E. / Glynn, Leonard E., PUBLISHER: John Wiley & Sons, A practical guide to the production of antibodies. Describes the biosynthesis of antibody molecules by B lymphocytes and their progeny, the use of genetic markers in the elucidation of mechanisms of antibody synthesis, and of the generation of antibody diversity. Also deals with anomalies in antibody production which result in immunoglobulinopathies, involving qualitative or quantitative abnormalities, or both, in the immunoglobulins.

Molecular Biology of Parasitic Protozoa

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Smith, Parsons / Smith, Deborah Ed. / Smith, Deborah F., PUBLISHER: Oxford University Press, USA, Protozoans are interesting creatures for several reasons, not least of which is their ability to live inside or among the cells of their host while resisting the host's cellular defences. The rigours of their lifestyle have resulted in the evolution of some remarkable adaptation at the biochemical level; many parasites have dispensed with entire metabolic pathways, and have evolved complex mechanisms for transmission to new hosts. Parasitic protozoa cause some of the major infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals. In recent years, new molecular biological techniques have opened up the study of the biology of these parasites, and tremendous advances have been made. This book covers this interesting and fast-moving field at an advanced level for which there is no other up-to-date book.

Black and Mormon

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Bringhurst, Newell G. / Smith, Darron T., PUBLISHER: University of Illinois Press, The year marked the twenty-fifth anniversary of the lifting of the ban excluding black members from the priesthood of the Mormon church. The articles collected in Newell G. Bringhurst and Darron T. Smith's Black and Mormon look at the mechanisms used to keep blacks from full participation, the motives behind the ban, and the kind of changes that have--and have not--taken place within the church since the revelation responsible for its end. This challenging collection is required reading for anyone concerned with the history of racism, discrimination, and the Latter-day Saints.

Deep Atlantic: Life, Death, and Exploration in the Abyss

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Ellis, Richard, PUBLISHER: Lyons Press, Open this book and you'll plunge five miles below the surface of the sea into an unforeseen realm inhabited by living creatures that strain the bounds of credibility. Prior to John Ross's successful retrieval in of six pounds of worm-filled mud from the bottom of Baffin Bay, it was widely believed that no life could possibly flourish in the dark, cold, pressurized waters of the deep Atlantic Ocean. Subsequent expeditions have unveiled a mind-boggling menagerie of deep-sea fauna with which we are still only marginally acquainted. Richard Ellis recounts the stories of the exploration of the deep sea and brings us face-to-face with these unexpected efflorescences of evolution.

Interfaces in High-Tc Superconducting Systems

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Shinde, Subhash L. / Rudman, David A., PUBLISHER: Springer, Because the new high-temperature superconductors cannot be grown as large single crystals, interfaces and junctions play an important role in their properties. The chapters in this book, each by leading researchers in the field, examine the state of our understanding of such interfaces. Chapters cover such topics as studies of YCBO films by transmission-electron, scanning-tunneling, and atomic-force microscopy; microstructure, interfacial interactions, and twin boundary structures in YCBO films; grain-boundary Josephson junctions; and overlayer formation.

The Genealogy of Morals

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, PUBLISHER: Dover Publications, Major work on ethics, by one of the most influential thinkers of the last 2 centuries, deals with master/slave morality and modern man's current moral practices; the evolution of man's feelings of guilt and bad conscience; and how ascetic ideals help maintain human life under certain conditions.

Computational Approaches to Morphology and Syntax

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Roark, Brian / Sproat, Richard, PUBLISHER: Oxford University Press, USA, The book will appeal to scholars and advanced students of morphology, syntax, computational linguistics and natural language processing (NLP). It provides a critical and practical guide to computational techniques for handling morphological and syntactic phenomena, showing how these techniques have been used and modified in practice. The authors discuss the nature and uses of syntactic parsers and examine the problems and opportunities of parsing algorithms for finite-state, context-free and various context-sensitive grammars. They relate approaches for describing syntax and morphology to formal mechanisms and algorithms, and present well-motivated approaches for augmenting grammars with weights or probabilities.

The Saloon on the Rocky Mountain Mining Frontier

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: West, Elliott, PUBLISHER: University of Nebraska Press, Elliott West's careful analysis of the role and development of the saloon as an institution on the mining frontier provides unique insights into the social and economic history of the American West. Drawing on contemporaneous newspapers and many unpublished firsthand accounts, West shows that the physical evolution of the saloon, from crude tents and shanties into elegant establishments for drinking and gaming, reflected the growth and maturity of the surrounding community.

The Evolution of Central Banks

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Goodhart, C. A. E. / Goodhart, Charles, PUBLISHER: MIT Press (MA), "The Evolution of Central Banks" employs a wide range of historical evidence and reassesses current monetary analysis to argue that the development of non-profit-maximizing and noncompetitive central banks to supervise and regulate the commercial banking system fulfils a necessary and natural function. Goodhart surveys the case for free banking, examines the key role of the clearing house in the evolution of the central bank, and investigates bank expansion and fluctuation in the context of the clearing house mechanism. He concludes that it is the noncompetitive aspect of the central bank that is crucial to the performance of its role. Goodhart addresses the questions of deposit insurance and takes up the "club theory" approach to the central bank. Included in the historical study of their origins are 8 European central banks, the Bank of Japan, the Bank of England, and the Federal Reserve Board of the United States. Charles Goodhart was appointed to the newly established Norman Sosnow Chair of Banking and Finance at the London School of Economics in . For the previous 17 years he served as a monetary economist at the Bank of England, becoming a Chief Adviser in .

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