the policy process in communist states politics and

British Parliamentary Parties: Policy and Power

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Brand, Jack, PUBLISHER: Oxford University Press, USA, This book examines the role of the British Conservative and Labour parliamentary parties in the development of government policy since . Focusing on major policy fields--agriculture, education, housing, defense, the economy, and Scottish affairs--Brand argues that the influence of back-benchers has been consistently underestimated, and that the interdependence of front- and back-benchers frequently produces surprising and significant effects on policy development.

State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Modern Middle

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Owen, Roger, PUBLISHER: Routledge, Roger Owen has fully revised and updated his authoritative text to take into account the very latest developments in the Middle East. This new edition continues to explore the emergence of individual Middle Eastern states since the fall of the Ottoman Empire at the end of the First World War and the key themes that have characterized the region since then. The book continues to serve as an excellent introduction for newcomers to the modern history and politics of this fascinating region.

Democratisation in the European Neighbourhood

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Emerson, Michael, PUBLISHER: Centre for European Policy Studies, Until recently there was pervasive pessimism over whether the countries of the former Soviet Union or the Arab/Muslim states in the Mediterranean and Middle East would engage in genuine democratic reform. This landscape has begun to change, however, as some of the European CIS states resolved to clean up their phony democracies, and the Arab/Muslim world witnessed either advances in the formal institutions of democracy or signs of popular uprisings against authoritarian regimes. The contributors to this volume approach democratization of the European neighborhood from two sides, first exploring developments in the states themselves and then examining what the European Union has been doing to promote the process. While democracy always receives top billing in formal EU speeches, in practice it has had to find a more modest place in a complex set of often competing and sometimes contradictory interests.

Yearbook on Space Policy : Setting New Trends

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Schrogl, Kai-Uwe / Baranes, Blandina / Venet, Christophe, PUBLISHER: Springer, The Yearbook on Space Policy aims to be the reference publication analysing space policy developments. Each year it presents issues and trends in space policy and the space sector as a whole. Its scope is global and its perspective is European. The Yearbook also links space policy with other policy areas. It highlights specific events and issues, and provides useful insights, data and information on space activities. The Yearbook on Space Policy is edited by the European Space Policy Institute (ESPI) based in Vienna, Austria. It combines in-house research and contributions of members of the European Space Policy Research and Academic Network (ESPRAN), coordinated by ESPI. The Yearbook is designed for government decision-makers and agencies, industry professionals, as well as the service sectors, researchers and scientists and the interested public.

Encyclopedia of American Political Parties and Elections

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Sabato, Larry / Ernst, Howard R., PUBLISHER: Checkmark Books, Encyclopedia of American Political Parties and Elections provides comprehensive coverage of the American election process and its political parties. A complete A-to-Z reference, this intelligent and objective guide covers the people, events, and terms involved in the electoral process. Coverage also includes the history of elections in the United States, focusing primarily on the presidential elections. Helpful features such as engaging black-and-white photographs and illustrations, detailed appendixes, and an index make this concise reference browsable and accessible to the general reader. Acquista Ora

Latin America: History, Politics, and U.S. Policy

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Cockcroft, James D. / Cockcroft, James, PUBLISHER: Wadsworth Publishing Company, The second edition of thius informative text, formerly titled Neighbors in Turmoil: Latin America, is fully updated to address the question of U.S. policy in apost-Cold War world. Cockcroft introduces students to modern Latin American politics, history, culture, and geography. Three distinct perspectives are presented on a number of issues: the official U.S. position; typical nationalist responses from Latin American countries; and different views expressed by U.S. citizens or groups opposed to the official U.S. position. Trends and themes include the impact of revolutions, nationalism, the role of elite families, export commodities, human rights issues, and unequal distribution of wealth.

European Economic Integration: Limits and Prospects

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Jovanovic, Miroslav N. / Jovanovic, M., PUBLISHER: Routledge, In this major new text, Miroslav N.Jovanovic presents an analysis of all the major aspects of economic integration in the European Union. Beginning with an overview of the origins of European integration, he moves on to discuss in detail all the main policy areas. These include: *monetary policy *competition policy *industrial policy *fiscal policy *trade policy *the Common Agricultural Policy *foreign direct investment *regional policy. The volume also includes a discussion of less well-known policy areas, such as social policy, environmental policy and transport policy. Containing an excellent blend of theory and practice and presenting a highly complex issue in an accessible and non-technical way, this text will be an invaluable resource for students of international economics, international business and European studies.

Comrades and Christians: Religions and Political Struggle in

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Kertzer, David I. / Kertzer, PUBLISHER: Cambridge University Press, This book examines the popular bases of Communist influence in Italy, focusing on the struggle between the Catholic Church and the Communist Party for the allegiance of the Italian people. The author details the ways in which the citizens resolve the central paradox of Italy, which lies in its beings the home both of the Vatican and of the largest Communist party of any non-Communist nation. He discusses the local structure of the Party, including its many allied organisations and the nature of participation in Party affairs, and stresses its role in local social life. In this study, Professor Kertzer draws upon the experiences and observations of a year spent in a working-class quarter of Bologna, the capital of Italian Communism. While the national Communist Party calls for conciliation with the Church, there is an ancient tradition of anti-clericalism in this area. Moreover, the official Church position excludes the possibility of people being both Catholic and Communist. The implications of this situation for local-level tactics of Church and Party, and how people divide their allegiances between the competing claims, form the primary theme of the book.

The Senate, Treaties and National Security,

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Pitsvada / Pitsvada, Bernard T., PUBLISHER: University Press of America, The end of the military phase of the 45-year Cold War represents a significant victory for the U.S. and western policy. This book examines selected aspects of this successful policy to gather some lessons that may be applicable in the future to other policy areas. The major framework within which the various individual actions were taken in our national security interest were a series of treaties proposed and enacted over the early years of the Cold War, most of which were enacted before . This book focuses further on the role of the Senate in this process of treaty making as the provider of advice and consent and as the surrogate for the entire legislative branch in this field.

Perspectives on American Foreign Policy: Readings and Cases

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Jentleson, Bruce W., PUBLISHER: W. W. Norton & Company, The readings delve deeper into theoretical, historical and policy debates discussed in American Foreign Policy: Dynamics of Choice, and icons in the textbook margins link the broader points to related articles and case studies in Perspectives.

The West European Allies, the Third World, and U.S. Foreign

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Payne, Richard J., PUBLISHER: Greenwood Press, The recent and ongoing crises in the Middle East, the Persian Gulf, Central America, and southern Africa have been and continue to be approached in very different ways by the United States and its West European allies. Richard J. Payne shows how the many future challenges to the strategic alliance of the U.S. and the NATO countries will have to be adapted to a new and less confrontational world, emphasizing the international economic situation over political or ideological factors. Payne maintains that despite years of divergent views on how to handle Third World trouble spots, strains within the Western Alliance can be alleviated in the future by diplomatic and cooperative means. This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the underlying tensions, and cooperation, between the United States and Western Europe in their approaches to the Soviet Union, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, the Iran-Iraq War and Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, the Nicaraguan Sandinistas, and the struggle for ideological and political control of southwestern Africa. American and European strategies and interests in the Third World greatly affected the broader issues of detente, Eastern-Western European relations, America's leadership abilities, and ultimately NATO itself. The lessening of ideological confrontations between Moscow and Washington, Payne affirms, was followed by the revolutionary changes in Eastern Europe. This volume will be used in courses on international relations, American foreign policy, world politics, Third World politics, global issues, and West European politics. It will also be of great value to political scientists and policymakers.

Religion and Politics in the Contemporary United States

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Griffith, R. Marie / McAlister, Melani, PUBLISHER: Johns Hopkins University Press, This collection of essays from a special issue of American Quarterly explores the complex and sometimes contradictory ways that religion matters in contemporary public life. Religion and Politics in the Contemporary United States offers a groundbreaking, cross-disciplinary conversation between scholars in American studies and religious studies. The contributors explore numerous modes through which religious faith has mobilized political action. They utilize a variety of definitions of politics, ranging from lobbying by religious leaders to the political impact of popular culture. Their work includes the political activities of a very diverse group of religious believers: Christians, Jews, Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists, and others. In addition, theA book explores the meanings of religion for people who might contest the term -- those who are spiritual but not religious, for example, as well as activists who engage symbols of faith and community but who may not necessarily consider themselves members of a specific religion. Several essays also examine the meanings of secular identity, humanist politics, and the complex evocations of civil religion in American life. No other book on religion and politics includes anything like the diversity of religions, ethnicities, and topics that this one does -- from Mormon political mobilization to attempts at Americanizing Muslims in the post-9/11 United States, from CA(c)sar ChAvez to James Dobson, from interreligious cooperation and conflict over Darfur to the global politics surrounding the category of Hindus and South Asians in the United States.

The European Central Bank: Credibility, Transparency, and

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: de Haan, Jakob, Haan Jakob / Haan, Jakob De / Eijffinger, Sylvester C. W., PUBLISHER: MIT Press (MA), The adoption of the euro in by 11 member states of the European Union created a single currency area second in economic size only to the United States. The euro zone's monetary policy is now set by the European Central Bank (ECB) and its Governing Council rather than by individual national central banks. This CESifo volume examines issues that have arisen in the first years of ECB monetary policy and analyzes the effect that current ECB policy strategy and structures may have in the future. After a detailed description and assessment of ECB monetary policy making that focuses on such issues as price stability and the predictability of policy decisions, the book turns to two important issues faced by European central bankers: the transparency and credibility of decision making and the ECB's decentralized structure. After showing that transparency in decision making enhances credibility, the book discusses the ECB's efforts at openness, its political independence as guaranteed by law, and its ultimate accountability. The book then considers the effects of the decentralized ECB structure, focusing on business cycle synchronization, inflation differentials, and differences in monetary policy transmission in light of the enlargement of the monetary union. The book also discusses options for ECB institutional reforms, including centralization, vote weighting, and cross-border regional banks.

Oatley: Cities, Economic (P) Competition and Urban Policy

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Oatley, Nick, PUBLISHER: Sage Publications (CA), This book is a comprehensive and authoritative account of the major realignment that has taken place in English regeneration policy and practice since . It analyzes the changes which have led to an emphasis in policy on competitiveness, integrated approaches to economic decline and social exclusion, and the shift away from formula-driven funding mechanisms towards controversial competitive bidding. It also examines changes in governance practices, the spread of multisector partnerships, the new localism' and the emergence of a contract culture. The book concludes with a summary of contemporary policy themes and an assessment of the Labour Government's policy proposals.

Religion Politics Europe

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Bradley, James E. / Van Kley, Dale K., PUBLISHER: University of Notre Dame Press, Religion and Politics in Enlightenment Europe, a collection of original essays from leading scholars, demonstrates that the collapse of the post-Reformation confessional state was more the result of religious dissent from within, much of it orthodox, than attacks of an anti-religious Enlightenment. In sharp contrast to the Reformation-era religious conflicts which tended to pit Protestant and Catholic confessions and states against each other, the eighteenth-century religious conflicts described in Religion and Politics in Enlightenment Europe took place within the various confessional establishments and states that founded and maintained them, such as Russian Orthodoxy in the East and the Anglican Establishment in England and Ireland. In the course of its analysis, Religion and Politics in Enlightenment Europe destroys the notion of any kind of privileged relationship between "religion" and political or social "reaction." This book reveals the religious roots of modern ideas of individual rights and limitations on government, as well as the imperative of political order and the need for social hierarchy. It also shows the impossibility of any purely secular treatment of eighteenth-century European political history or institutions. Based on fresh, primary research as well as a synthesis of secondary sources, Religion and Politics in Enlightenment Europe turns the familiar eighteenth century of the textbooks upside down and inside out, challenging the dominant narratives of secularization and inevitable conclusion in the French Revolution.

The Quiet Diplomacy of Liberation: International Politics

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Landsberg, Christopher, PUBLISHER: Jacana Media, A leading analyst of South Africa's national and foreign policy chronicles the complexities of the transition from apartheid to democracy and South Africa's current approach to diplomacy in Africa and further afield.

The Political Economy of American Monetary Policy

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Mayer, Thomas, PUBLISHER: Cambridge University Press, This collection of essays examines the institutional framework in which monetary policy is made. The essays consider two questions: How free is the Fed to set monetary policy and to what extent do organizational problems affect the choice of that monetary policy? Topics covered include the Fed's response to movements on its goals, Congressional and presidential pressures on the Fed, the existence of political business cycles operating through monetary policy, and the extent to which monetary policy may be explained by the Fed's own interests. A final section examines the claim that the Federal Reserve follows countercyclical policy and evaluates its performance as a lender to banks both in normal times and as a lender of last resort.

Land policy in the near east

MOHAMAD RIAD EL-GHONEMY Chief, Land tenure and Settlement Branch, FAO LAND POLICY IN THE NEAR EAST 8°, pp. 417 FAO Rom Proceedings of the Development enter on land Policy and Settlement for the Near East held in Tripoli, Lybya, from 16 to 28 October , organized by Food and Agriculture Organizatio of the United Nations Euro 50 (suolo 8)

Political Money: Deregulating American Politics: Selected

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Anderson, Annelise / Abrams, Floyd / Allen, Michael Patrick, PUBLISHER: Hoover Institution Press, In this policy primer on campaign finance reform, Annelise Anderson sorts through the rhetoric, congressional hearings, and public debate to describe the current rules and regulations and to prescribe viable options for change.

High Technology, Space, and Society

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Castells, Manuel / Castells, Manuel, PUBLISHER: Sage Publications (CA), The relationship between the technological revolution and the simultaneous process of worldwide urban-regional restructuring is examined in this book. Two overview chapters by Manuel Castells and Peter Hall summarize current research in the United States and Great Britain. Additional chapters examine locational patterns and regional effects of high-tech manufacturing; the impact of technological change on service industries and metropolitan economies; and the social, spatial, and political effects of new communications technologies.

Religion in the Public Square: The Place of Religious

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Audi, Robert / Wolterstorff, Nicholas, PUBLISHER: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, This vigorous debate between two distinguished philosophers presents two views on a topic of worldwide importance: the role of religion in politics. Audi argues that citizens in a free democracy should distinguish religious and secular considerations and give them separate though related roles. Wolterstorff argues that religious elements are both appropriate in politics and indispensable to the vitality of a pluralistic democracy. Each philosopher first states his position in detail, then responds to and criticizes the opposing viewpoint.

Globalization and the Developing Countries: Emerging

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Isaac, Grant / Bigman, D. / Bigman, David, PUBLISHER: CABI Publishing, The globalization process and the internal policy reforms that the developing countries have implemented during the past decade have changed the relative prices of practically all their inputs and outputs. Agricultural producers have therefore been forced to change the structure and methods of their production. The objective of this book is to review the impact of globalization on a number of issues. These include the effects of changes in global trading rules and regulations, the removal of trade barriers and the elimination of many country-specific trade agreements.

Disabled Policy: America's Programs for the Handicapped

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Berkowitz, Edward D., PUBLISHER: Cambridge University Press, Combining history and an analysis of policy today, this book exposes the contradictions in America's disability policy and suggests means of remedying them. Based on careful archival research and interviews with policymakers, the book illustrates the dilemmas that public policies pose for the handicapped: the present system forces too many people with physical impairments into retirement, despite the availability of constructive alternatives.

The Chinese Economy Under Maoism: The Early Years,

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Chen, Nai-Ruenn / Galenson, Walter, PUBLISHER: Aldine, Over sixty years have elapsed since the Communists gained control of the Chinese mainland. The years between and were a time of constant change and periodic cataclysm--the initial purges, the Great Leap Forward, and the Cultural Revolution--all bound up with the Communist conception of how to move the country into modernity in the shortest possible time. The Chinese Economy under Maoism summarizes and evaluates the economic consequences of the Communist path to development in a concise, factual presentation that can be readily comprehended by non-economists. The authors review the major features of the Chinese economy prior to the Communist takeover and discuss the policies, performance, and problems of the individual sectors of the Chinese economy during its initial years under Communism. Included in their review are industry, agriculture, foreign trade, resource allocation, population, employment, and living standards. A concluding chapter summarizes Chinese economic growth and presents a discussion of future policy alternatives and an optimum economic policy for China. Based on important findings of Western scholars, with many original interpretations by the authors, this material is presented from a developmental point of view. Since it was originally published in , sections of the book devoted to comparative studies of progress in India and the former Soviet regime will be of particular interest now. Free of technical language and providing insights into the economy of one of the most important countries in the world, this book will be useful not only to economists but to a broad range of sinologists, political scientists, sociologists, and historians interested in the path of revolution.

Monetary Reform and Cooperation Theory

ISBN: , SKU: , AUTHOR: Macesich, George, PUBLISHER: Praeger, This volume demonstrates how monetary and financial organizations in the United States and abroad can be improved through a new addition to traditional monetary policy. Cooperation theory, a system developed from games theory, is shown to provide an appropriate action/reaction approach that can lead to cooperation without abandoning the free market. Institutional, theoretical, and empirical results of game theory, computer simulation, monetary theory, and policy analysis are woven together so that each reinforces the other. The text clearly stresses that although unilateral, noncooperative action may result in short-term advantage for an organization, it ultimately leads to long-term losses for all in the economic system. Monetary Reform and Cooperation Theory opens with a discussion of cooperation theory. It goes on to address improving the monetary financial organization. Bureaucracy and philosophy are analyzed, along with reform in the banking industry and banking in other countries. The book concludes with issues of international creditors and debtors. This work is full of useful information for the general economist, political scientist, and layman on the complex issue of monetary reform and the positive role cooperation theory can play in this vital process.

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